Role of Bioactive 3D Hybrid Fibrous Scaffolds on Mechanical Behavior and Spatiotemporal Osteoblast Gene Expression
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) bioactive organic-inorganic (O/I) hybrid fibrous scaffolds are attractive extracellular matrix (ECM) surrogates for bone tissue engineering. With the aim of regulating osteoblast gene expression in 3D, a new class of hybrid fibrous scaffolds with two distinct fiber diameters (260 and 600 nm) and excellent physico-mechanical properties were fabricated from tertiary (SiO2-CaO-P2O5) bioactive glass (BG) and poly (ε-caprolactone) (PCL) by in situ sol-gel and electrospinning process. The PCL/BG hybrid fibrous scaffolds exhibited accelerated wetting properties, enhanced pore sizes and porosity, and superior mechanical properties that were dependent on fiber diameter. Contrary to control PCL fibrous scaffolds that were devoid of bonelike apatite particles, incubating PCL/BG hybrid fibrous scaffolds in simulated body fluid (SBF) revealed bonelike apatite deposition. Osteoblast cells cultured on PCL/BG hybrid fibrous scaffolds spread with multiple attachments and actively proliferated suggesting that the low temperature in situ sol-gel and electrospinning process did not have a detrimental effect. Targeted bone-associated gene expressions by rat calvarial osteoblasts seeded on these hybrid scaffolds demonstrated remarkable spatiotemporal gene activation. Transcriptional-level gene expressions for alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteopontin (OPN), bone sialoprotein (BSP), and osteocalcin (OCN) were significantly higher on the hybrid fibrous scaffolds (p < 0.001) that were largely dependent on fiber diameter compared. Taken together, our results suggest that PCL/BG fibrous scaffolds may accelerate bone formation by providing a favorable microenvironment.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".