Cyclic Pressure Testing a Section of 34” Pipe Repaired Using the PETROSLEEVE Technology to Determine the Effect on a 50% Crack
Bibliographic record
Abstract
TransCanada Pipelines operates a large mainline pipeline transportation system. Engineering analysis and severe testing was performed to confirm that the PETROSLEEVE© Steel Compression Reinforcement Technology would arrest crack extension in large diameter pipe. This testing involved putting a 50% crack into a section of 862 mm diameter, 9.5mm wall thickness grade 448 pipe. Then a compression sleeve was installed while the pipe was pressurized to 3800 kPa (38% SMYS). Following sleeve installation, the test vessel was subjected to 9000 cycles 7880 to 2960 kPa (80%–30% SMYS); 200 cycles 7800 to 0 kPa (80%–0% SMYS); hold pressures of 8870 kPa (90% SMYS) for 4 hours and 10840 kPa (110% SMYS) for 2 hours. Following the cyclic pressuring, the crack was metallurgically inspected. It was reported by third party inspection that the compression sleeve reinforcement “can effectively suppress fatigue crack growth of an axial flaw (100mm long × 50% of the wall thickness deep) in the API X65 pipe.” This paper reviews the engineering and cyclic testing undertaken.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".