Animal model for two-photon excitation in the eye
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We wish to deliver Two-Photon Excitation (TPE) to the in vivo retina and to image its effects in order to understand and treat eye disease. A schematic model of the rat eye with a gradient refractive index in the crystalline lens is reconstructed in ZEMAXTM. This model predicts the monochromatic aberrations as a function of pupil size and field angle and the change in the Point Spread Function (PSF) at best focus. A simple water model of the nonlinear pulse broadening effect has been used to predict the minimal temporal pulse width that will propagate to the retina. In a rat eye uncorrected for monochromatic aberrations, a pupil between 1mm and 1.8mm diameter delivers a peak intensity acceptable for two-photon effects. A somewhat larger diameter pupil (1.35-2.0mm) gives an optimum optical quality for imaging on the optical axis. Correction of the monochromatic aberrations with adaptive optics would improve both imaging and peak intensity. The effect of second order dispersion is dependent on the form of the dispersion relation used. Based on experimental results of second order dispersion, the minimum pulse width to reach the retina is approximately 30fs for the rat eye and approximately 60fs for the human eye.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.009 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".