Oil sand tailings characterisation for centrifuge dewatering
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
The main objective of this paper was to develop a fundamental understanding of oil sand tailings for centrifuge dewatering. Laboratory characterisation indicated that the investigated tailings were a fine-grained material (53% clay fraction) with a moderate water adsorption capacity (ω l = 55% and ω p = 25%). The solids consisted of 55% quartz and 40% clay minerals and showed a specific surface area of 43 m 2 /g and a cation exchange capacity of 29 cmol(+)/kg. Likewise, the pore water (pH = 8·15, EC = 3280 µS/cm and ZP = −46 mV) was dominated by Na + (776 mg/L), [Formula: see text] (679 mg/L), Cl − (518 mg/L) and [Formula: see text](377 mg/L). Centrifugation physically improved tailings dewatering through particle segregation, assemblage formation and flow channeling. For a g factor of up to 2550 g, the released water increased by 4·7%, the entrapped water decreased by 30% and the sediment solids content increased by 7%: all quantities compared to self-weight settling. The corresponding decrease in physicochemical properties confirmed aggregate formation and an effective capture of clay particles in the suspension zone.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it