Long distance transport of pollen to Greenland
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Four pollen traps were recently placed at coastal sites in East and West Greenland in order to assess long distance transport of pollen to the Arctic domain. By identifying potential vegetation source areas associated with air mass pathways we were able to produce the first detailed record of pollen transport from eastern North America to Narsarsuaq, southern Greenland. The record is based on observations and on a transport and dispersion model used to calculate back trajectories of the air masses. The evidence points to the pollen being transported northward by the air mass over Newfoundland and the Labrador Sea before reaching Narsarsuaq. At this point, the air mass was at an altitude of 3000 m. Deposition of pollen grains occurred with downward air movements associated with a 0.5 mm/h rain. The source areas for these pollen grains differ from those of dust and certain other aerosols that reach the summit of the Greenland Ice Sheet. The results demonstrate the need for continued maintenance and analysis of the Greenland pollen trap data in order to improve our understanding of atmospheric circulation and transport to high northern latitudes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".