Improved Performance of Ni- and Co-YSZ Anodes via Sulfidation to NiS- and CoS-YSZ. Effects of Temperature on Electrokinetic Parameters
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Single-cell solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) experiments using Ni yttria-stabilized zironia (YSZ) and Co-YSZ anodes were performed to examine the electrochemical oxidation of H 2 and H 2 S/H 2 mixtures. The introduction of 10%v/v H 2 S into the fuel stream resulted in anodes that initially showed significant signs of degradation. However, when all of the metal was changed to metal-sulfide, the performance was enhanced under most tested conditions, suggesting that metal-sulfides are viable anode materials for SOFC systems. Electrochemical experiments, mass spectrometry of the exhaust gas, and X-ray diffraction of the postrun anodes show that the main anodic reaction is hydrogen oxidation in both fuel streams. Direct current experiments at various temperatures were performed to determine the inverse Tafel slope (Lefat slope, b -1 ) and the resulting charge-transfer coefficients for Ni-, Co-, NiS- and CoS-YSZ anodes. For three of the four anodes tested, the Lefat slope decreased with increasing T but not with the required slope of α F / R . The relationship was better represented by α F / R + K . The charge-transfer coefficient was determined to be 1.5 for Ni-, Co- and NiS-YSZ anodes, suggesting that the rate-determining step of hydrogen oxidation on these anodes is the electron transfer between H ad and O 2- . The CoS-YSZ exhibited traditional Tafel behavior such that α remained constant over a wide temperature range but yielded a charge-transfer coefficient much less than that of the other anodes (α = 0.21 ± 0.04).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".