Increase in extracellular dopamine levels during clozapine-induced potentiation in the hippocampal dentate gyrus of chronically prepared rabbits
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We previously found that 20 mg/kg clozapine i.p. potentiated the excitatory synaptic responses elicited in the dentate gyrus by single electrical stimulation of the perforant path in chronically prepared rabbits. We called this phenomenon clozapine-induced potentiation and proved that it was an NMDA receptor-mediated event. This potentiation is presumably related to clozapine's clinical effect on negative symptoms and cognitive dysfunctions in schizophrenia. In the present study, to investigate the mechanisms underlying clozapine-induced potentiation, we examined whether extracellular dopamine and 5-HT levels changed during the potentiation by using a microdialysis technique in the dentate gyrus. The extracellular concentrations of dopamine and 5-HT levels were measured every 5 min during all experiments. Extracellular 5-HT levels did not change, but dopamine levels eventually increased significantly during clozapine-induced potentiation. The increase in the dopamine levels occurred almost simultaneously with the induction of clozapine-induced potentiation. These results suggest that clozapine-induced potentiation is at least partly attributable to a dopamine-mediated potentiation of excitatory synaptic transmission. The present study implies that such phenomena occur also in the perforant path-dentate gyrus pathway.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".