Preparative separation of chromones in plant extract of <i>Saposhnikovia divaricata</i> by high‐performance counter‐current chromatography
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Four chromones, prim-O-glucosylcimifugin, 4'-O-β-D-glucosyl-5-O-methylvisamminol, cimifugin and sec-O-glucosylhamaudol, were isolated and purified from Saposhnikovia divaricata for the first time by high-performance counter-current chromatography (HPCCC) using a system consisting of ethyl acetate/n-butanol/ethanol/water (1:1:0.1:2, v/v/v/v). The separation parameters were first performed on the analytical HPCCC and the optimized conditions were then scaled up to preparative HPCCC. A total of 72.1 mg of prim-O-glucosylcimifugin, 27 mg of 4'-O-β-D-glucosyl-5-O-methylvisamminol, 14.1 mg of cimifugin and 1.1 mg of sec-O-glucosylhamaudol were purified from 960 mg of the n-butanol extract of S. divaricata, each at over 90% purity as determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The structures of four compounds were identified by their retention time, the liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS) in the positive ion mode, and confirmed by NMR. The characteristic LC-ESI-MS fragmentation patterns of the four compounds were discussed, and found to be a very specific and useful tool for the structural identification of chromones from S. divaricata.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it