Modern and Holocene stomate records of tree-line variations in northwestern Quebec
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Conifer stomates in lake sediments from the forest to tundra transition in northwestern Quebec were analysed to reconstruct tree-line history during the past 6000 years. The pollen from these sites had already been analysed. Stomate concentrations in modern sediments generally conform to the vegetation distribution, although stomates were lacking in some forested sites. Results from nine cores on a transect from boreal forest to tundra show broad-scale correspondence between Picea stomate and pollen concentrations. At a smaller scale, however, discrepancies were found, such as the absence of stomates from a forest tundra site. A broad-scale correspondence between pollen and stomate concentrations of Larix was also found, although the low numbers of Larix stomates make interpretation difficult. Neither stomate absence nor presence can unambiguously be used to indicate the absence or presence of trees in the area immediately surrounding the lake.Key words: tree line, palynology, stomate, vegetation history, Picea, Larix.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".