A <sup>19</sup>F nuclear magnetic resonance study of the conjugate BrønstedLewis superacid HSO<sub>3</sub>FSbF<sub>5</sub>. Part II.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Solutions of SbF 5 in HSO 3 F with x SbF5 = 0.012 to 0.405 are studied by 500 MHz 1 H NMR (299 K) and 471 MHz 19 F NMR (213250 K), using NMR tubes fitted with fluoropolymer lining. The initial process during dissolution is the fast solvolysis of monomeric SbF 5 in HSO 3 F according to SbF 5 + nHSO 3 F [Formula: see text] SbF 5 n (SO 3 F) n + nHF (n = 1, 2). All HF formed during solvolysis will no longer be removed by reaction with glass, but will remain in the superacid system. Besides participation in the fast formation of various fluoro-fluorosulfato anions [SbF 6 n (SO 3 F) n ] (n = 0, 1, 2) and acidium ions [H 2 X] + (solv.) (X= F, SO 3 F), HF is involved in slow-exchange reactions of the type [SbF 6 n (SO 3 F) n ] (solv.) + HF [Formula: see text] [SbF 7 n (SO 3 F) n 1 ] (solv.) + HSO 3 F (n = 1, 2) detected because of a delay of 3 months between sample preparation and measurements and confirmed by repeating theses measurements after a further 3 months. There are three notable differences to our earlier study, affecting concentrations of the fluoro-fluorosulfato antimonate anions observed: (i) in dilute solutions [SbF 6 ] is formed in high concentrations (34.776.1%), with [Sb 2 F 11 ] now clearly detected at intermediate to high SbF 5 concentrations (up to 5.8%); (ii) bis-fluorosulfato anions (cis-, trans-[SbF 4 (SO 3 F) 2 ] ) are found in much lower concentrations only, which decrease further with time, while tris-fluorosulfato anions ([SbF 3 (SO 3 F) 3 ] ) are now no longer observed; (iii) these reduced concentrations of poly-fluorosulfato anions in dilute solutions are responsible for the formation of fewer µ-SO 3 F-oligomers at lower concentrations, when more SbF 5 is added. As a consequence, the HSO 3 FSbF 5 magic acid system is now less complex than found previously and only seven anionic species are clearly observed. Key words: superacids, antimony(V) fluoroanions, 1 H NMR, 19 F NMR, solvolysis.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".