Dynamic behavior of photosensitizers after multiphoton excitation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The spectroscopy and photochemistry of protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) in ethanol and in Triton X-100 micelle solution and Verteporfin in methanol and Triton X-100 micelle solution have been examined using nea infrared two-photon excitation (TPE). TPE will allow photodynamic therapy with highly localized light dosage. For PpIX, we have determined that the photochemistry subsequent to TPE is very similar to that found for one-photon excitation. Moreover, the photoproducts observed possess very intense two-photon excitation fluorescence spectra, which allows their detection at low relative concentrations. Verteporfin displays photodynamic behavior in methanol similar to that of PpIX in ethanol. However, in micelle solution Verteporfin exhibits photodynamic behavior indicative of two sensitizer populations, excimers and monomers. Photochemical models are presented.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".