Solubility phenomena related to CO<sub>2</sub> capture and storage
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Capturing CO2 emissions from energy production and storing it under the ground is a potential CO2 mitigation strategy that currently receives much attention. Both CO2 capture and CO2 storage are solubility problems. This paper reviews some important solubility aspects of CO2 capture and storage that are often overlooked. Until very recently, there was not a single CO2 solubility relationship that was both applicable in a wide temperature range and thermodynamically consistent with the enthalpy of solution of CO2. Furthermore, very often the relationship used for the first acidity constant of carbonic acid as a function of temperature is inconsistent with the relationship used for the solubility constant (or Henry constant) of CO2. The removal of CO2 from a gas stream with amine solutions is usually viewed as a chemical reaction, which leads to the practice of heating to remove the CO2 from the solvent. However, viewing this process as a solubility phenomenon suggests the practice of using vacuum to remove the CO2 from the solvent, a potentially more efficient approach.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".