Clubroot disease management challenges from a German perspective
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Clubroot research in Germany addresses a broad range of aspects of this disease, including host resistance and its genetic basis, different means of integrated control and basic studies of the physiological alterations in the host during infection. The intimate relationship between Plasmodiophora brassicae Wor. and its host leads to a dramatic change in hormone status, cellular development and source-sink relations. Apart from plant growth-promoting hormones, such as auxins and cytokinins, changes in secondary metabolites were also found to be associated with club development, exhibiting their effect either directly on growth hormones or indirectly via their general bioactive properties. Clubroot resistance is another focus of German research programmes. While clubroot has been a major concern of vegetable growers, now the disease has a significant impact on oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). Accordingly, recent research addresses different aspects of clubroot control in this crop. The release of the clubroot resistant oilseed rape cultivar ‘Mendel’ by a German breeding company has been a milestone in clubroot management in oilseed rape worldwide. The efficacy of this resistance source is of key relevance and studies are being undertaken to characterize pathogenic variation. In addition to cultivar resistance, agronomical approaches, such as application of calcium cyanamide, are available, and integrated pest management strategies can address the prevention of the multiplication of P. brassicae inoculum. Clubroot resistance has been studied also in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. This work has resulted in the cloning of the resistance locus RPB1.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".