Comparison of mixed liquor filterability measured with bench and pilot-scale membrane bioreactors
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Parallel experimental tests to measure mixed liquor filterability for submerged membrane bioreactors were conducted over a six month period using three ZW-500 pilot plants and a ZW-10 lab-scale filterability apparatus. Non-air sparged conditions during the tests yielded operation behaviour that was equivalent to dead-end filtration. The fouling resistance increased linearly with the intercepted mass until a critical point was reached at which point significant cake compression was induced and the resistance began to increase exponentially. Although the point of cake compression appears to be dependent on the membrane module design, similar resistance per unit solid mass intercepted per unit area (R(mass)) values were observed when the same mixed liquor was filtered. Coupled with the established correlation between the R(mass) and the critical flux, it is suggested that the filterability test results from a side-stream, lab-scale module may be used to predict fouling potential in a full scale MBR wastewater treatment system without interrupting the full-scale MBR operation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".