Corticosteroid injections or physiotherapy were not more effective than wait and see for tennis elbow at 1 year
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Bisset L, Beller E, Jull G, et al. Mobilisation with movement and exercise, corticosteroid injection, or wait and see for tennis elbow: randomised trial. BMJ 2006;333:939–41. [OpenUrl][1][Abstract/FREE Full Text][2] Q In patients with tennis elbow, what is the relative efficacy of corticosteroid injection, physiotherapy, and wait and see? Clinical impact ratings GP/FP/Primary care ★★★★★★☆ Physical medicine & rehabilitation ★★★★★★★ Rheumatology ★★★★★★★ ### ![Graphic][3]</img>Design: randomised controlled trial. ### ![Graphic][4]</img>Allocation: concealed.* ### ![Graphic][5]</img>Blinding: blinded (data collectors, outcome assessors, and data analysts).* ### ![Graphic][6]</img>Follow up period: 52 weeks. ### ![Graphic][7]</img>Setting: community setting in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. ### ![Graphic][8]</img>Patients: 198 patients 18–65 years of age (mean age 48 y, 65% men) with symptoms of tennis elbow lasting ⩾6 weeks. Exclusion criteria included bilateral elbow symptoms, elbow surgery or injury, and nerve involvement. ### ![Graphic][9]</img>Intervention: corticosteroid injection delivered to painful elbow points (with a second injection 2 wk later, if necessary) (n = 65); physiotherapy consisting of elbow manipulation and therapeutic exercise† (8 treatments over 6 wk, plus home exercises) (n = 66); or wait and see (advice to avoid aggravating … [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DBMJ%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.1136%252Fbmj.38961.584653.AE%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F17012266%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/ijlink?linkType=ABST&journalCode=bmj&resid=333/7575/939&atom=%2Febmed%2F12%2F2%2F39.atom [3]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [4]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [5]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif [6]: /embed/inline-graphic-4.gif [7]: /embed/inline-graphic-5.gif [8]: /embed/inline-graphic-6.gif [9]: /embed/inline-graphic-7.gif
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Direct model labels (unvalidated)
Per-model category and study-design labels from the labeling rounds. They are machine output, unvalidated, and the disagreement between models ships as data. No study design here is MEDLINE-validated yet.
| Model arm | Categories | Study design | Confidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| gemma | no category Domain: not available · Genre: Empirical About the Canadian research system: no · About a Canadian topic: no | Non-randomized trial | low |
| gpt | no category Domain: not available · Genre: Commentary About the Canadian research system: no · About a Canadian topic: no | Randomized trial | low |
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.009 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.004 | 0.006 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.019 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedLabeled directly by 2 models reading the full record.
The models disagree on parts of this classification; every voice is preserved in the section at the end of the page.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".