Haptic information enhances auditory speech perception
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Studies of tactile enhancement effects on auditory speech perception [Reed et al., JSHR, 1978, 1982, 1989] have traditionally used experienced, pre-trained subjects. These studies have left unanswered the basic questions of whether tactile enhancement of speech is a basic component of human speech perception or a learned association [Fowler, JPhon, 1986; Diehl and Kluender, Ecol. Psych., 1989], and which aspects of the signal are enhanced through this modality. The present study focuses exclusively on tactile enhancement effects available to naive speakers. In a speech-masked environment, naive subjects were tasked with identifying consonants using the Tadoma method. Half of the stimuli were presented with tactile input, and half without. The results show that all subjects gained considerably from tactile information, although which part of the tactile signal was most helpful varied by subject. The features that contributed most to consonant identification were aspiration and voicing. [Work supported by NSERC.]
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".