Optimization of coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering microscopy using photonic crystal fiber
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We have recently demonstrated coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy and multiplex CARS spectroscopy of lipid-rich structures based on a single femtosecond Ti:sapphire laser. A nonlinear photonic crystal fiber (PCF) with two closely lying zero dispersion wavelengths is used to generate the Stokes pulse. Further optimization in terms of higher spectral resolution in the CARS spectra can be achieved by adding a second PCF to the pump arm to produce a spectrally compressed picosecond pulse. Theoretical predictions from modeling the propagation of the negatively chirped pump pulse in the PCF, are compared with experimental results. The effect of pulse duration, peak power and the length of the PCF in determining the bandwidth of the spectrally compressed pump pulse are considered. It is shown that for higher average output power and constant pulse duration, it is desirable to use shorter length of the PCF for attaining transform limited spectral width of the pump pulse.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".