Separated performances of ammonium sulphate and ammonium chloride solutions treated by vacuum membrane distillation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) flat‐sheet membrane with the mean pore size of 0.1 μm was used to treat the high concentration (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 and NH 4 Cl solutions by vacuum membrane distillation (VMD). The permeate flux was varied in the range 8–48 L h −1 m −2 and was dependent on the operating conditions. The effects of permeate pressures and feed parameters in terms of pH values, feed temperature, flow rate and feed concentration on both the permeate fluxes and the permeate concentrations of total nitrogen (TN) were investigated. Experiment results showed the feed temperature has the most significant effect on the permeate flux. The feed pH value was observed to be the most dominant factor on permeate concentration of TN. Ammonium was rejected with low feed pH value, high feed temperature and low permeate pressure. When the feed pH value was 3, the permeate concentration of TN was kept in the range of 1–3 mg/L and the ammonia nitrogen rejection rate is 99.95%, despite that the feed concentration was increased.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".