Ambulance transport is associated with a higher mortality than private transport following major penetrating trauma in a semi-urban environment
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Data were collected prospectively on 1,396 patients admitted to a Level 1 South African trauma unit over a 1-year period. The Revised Trauma Score was used to assess injury severity and physiological derangement at the time of admission, and to allow comparison between the groups. Mortality was defined as death within 30 days. The mortality in the blunt trauma patients ( n = 527) was higher in the ambulance transport group, but this was not statistically significant. However, the mortality in the penetrating trauma patients ( n = 808) was significantly higher in the ambulance transport group ( P = 0.020, chi-square; Table 1 ) despite similar Revised Trauma Scores (Table 1 ). The use of ambulance transportation is associated with a 3.7-fold increase in mortality following penetrating injury. This may be related to longer times in the field resulting in delay to definitive care in hospital.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".