Sucrose Hydrates in Aqueous Solution by IR Spectroscopy
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Two sucrose hydrates were found by factor analysis (FA) of the mid-infrared attenuated total reflectance (MIR-ATR) spectra of a series of aqueous sucrose solutions: sucrose penta- and dihydrate. The spectra of the isolated hydrates and their abundances as a function of concentration were obtained. Apart from the intensity of the water bands, the two hydrates differ only in a few sucrose bands in the C−O region. From the distribution of the species, the equilibrium between penta- and dihydrate was deduced: 3H 2 O + C 12 H 22 O 11 ·2H 2 O ⇌ C 12 H 22 O 11 ·5H 2 O. The pentahydrate equilibrium constant was found to be K e = (4.1 ± 0.3) × 10 -5 L 3 mol -3 . The two hydrates observed in aqueous solution are not found in the solid state. Analysis of the integrated intensity of the OH stretching band of sucrose−H 2 O mixtures shows that the OH vibrations in both the sucrose and the associated water are modified in the mixtures, indicating strong intermolecular interactions that influence the band intensities.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".