Correlation between crustal high conductivity zones and seismic activity and the role of carbon during shear deformation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The electrical conductivity of the lower crust is anomalously high in many locations around the world. Well‐interconnected grain boundary carbon not only has the potential for increasing the electrical conductivity of the rock but also would be expected to reduce its shear strength. We report a new analysis of field observations and new laboratory measurements consistent with deep carbon‐bearing rocks causing observed high conductivities and crustal weaknesses associated with increased seismicity. The field data indicate a correlation between the depths to a zone of high electrical conductivity observed in Transdanubia in Hungary, earthquake focal depths, and zones of high seismic attenuation. The laboratory triaxial deformation experiments show that progressive shearing of a fracture in carbon‐bearing rock can result in a weaker more electrically conductive fracture. These results provide strong evidence for the role of carbon at depth in both electrical conduction and seismotectonics, explaining the correlation between mid‐crustal high reflectivities and high conductivities observed at many locations worldwide.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".