Doping and temperature-dependent optical properties of oxygen-reduced<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>BaTiO</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>3</mml:mn><mml:mo>−</mml:mo><mml:mi>δ</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
We report on optical properties of reduced ${\text{BaTiO}}_{3\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\delta}}$ at different doping levels including insulating and metallic samples. In all the samples, including metallic one, we observe structural phase transitions from the changes in the infrared-active phonon modes. Metallic ground state is confirmed by the Drude-type low-frequency optical reflectance. Similar to ${\text{SrTiO}}_{3\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\delta}}$ we find that the midinfrared-absorption band in ${\text{BaTiO}}_{3\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\delta}}$ appears and grows with an increase in the oxygen-vacancy concentration. Upon decrease in temperature from 300 K, the midinfrared band shifts slightly to higher frequency and evolves into two bands: the existing band and a new and smaller band at lower frequency. The appearance of the new and smaller band seems to be correlated with the structural phase transitions.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.336 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it