Improved OFDMA uplink transmission<i>via</i>cooperative relaying in the presence of frequency offsets—Part I: Ergodic information rate analysis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract In this two‐part paper, we evaluate ergodic and outage information rates in an orthogonal frequency‐division multiple access (OFDMA) uplink with amplify‐and‐forward (AF) and decode‐and‐forward (DF) relays in the presence of frequency offsets. Each node plays the roles of the source node and the relay, simultaneously, but on different subcarriers. In Part I, the ergodic information rate is derived, and in Part II, the outage information rate of the considered scheme is derived. For a given frequency offset, unlike that of the AF mode, the DF ergodic information rate does not monotonically increase with α (the ratio between the power allocated to the source node and the total transmit power), and 0 < α < 1 can be optimised to maximise the ergodic information rate. Numerical results show that AF cooperation does not outperform the conventional transmission (without relaying) with regard to ergodic information rate. In contrast, with DF relaying, performance gains are possible. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.007 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".