Cytokine Release of a Keratinocyte Model After Incubation With Two Different Viscum album L Extracts
Bibliographic record
Abstract
When injected subcutaneously, extracts from the white berry mistletoe (Viscum album L) lead to a dose-dependent local inflammatory reaction at the injection site. From in vitro investigations with V album extracts, the release of proinflammatory cytokines from peripheral blood mononuclear cells and from a human skin model (Skin(2) model; Advanced Tissue Sciences, La Jolla, CA) is known. This shows dose dependence for mistletoe lectin-I in the range of 0.02 ng/mL to 10.0 ng/mL. In this study, an investigation was conducted of which cytokines are released in the skin by the mistletoe lectin-standardized mistletoe extracts Viscum album QuFrF (VaQuFrF) and Iscador Qu Spzial (IQuS) (Institute Hiscia, Arlesheim, Switzerland) and whether dose dependency exists. The model used for this study is the multilayered skin model EpiDerm (MatTek Corporation, Ashland, MA), which consists of multilayered keratinocytes. The viability of the cell culture was measured after incubation with 0.01, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.5, and 15.0 ng/mL VaQuFrF or 0.01, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.5, 5.0, and 15.0 ng/mL IQuS. The release of interleukin (IL)-1alpha, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12p(40+70), IL-12p(70), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha), interferon (IFN)-alpha, IFNgamma, granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor, and RANTES was determined after incubation with 0.5 ng/mL of IQuS ng/mL and VaQuFrF. The dose dependency of the release of IL-1alpha and IL-6 after incubation with 0.5 and 15.0 ng/mL VaQuFrF or 0.5 ng/mL, 5.0 ng/mL, and 15.0 ng/mL IQuS and that of the release of IL-1alpha, IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, and TNFalpha after incubation with 0.01 ng/mL, 0.1 ng/mL, 0.2 ng/mL, 0.3 ng/mL, and 0.5 ng/mL VaQuFrF or IQuS were determined. A dose-dependent decrease of cellular viability and an increase of IL-1alpha, IL-6, and TNFalpha as well as the release of IL-8 could be demonstrated. These results are compatible with the hypothesis that the subcutaneous injection of VaQuFrF and IQuS leads to a release of proinflammatory cytokines at the injection site.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".