EMI Risk Assessment in a Hospital Ward With One and Two Roaming Wireless Transmitters
Bibliographic record
Abstract
To control electromagnetic interference, hospitals often specify that mobile transmitters may not be brought any closer than a minimum separation distance (MSD) to an electronic medical device. This paper investigates the risk that the field strength due to mobile transmitters exceeds the immunity level of a medical device. The spatial variation of the field strength can be characterized by the well-known Ricean probability distribution, using the Sabine method to evaluate the parameters. The mobility of transmitters is accounted for by assuming a function for the probability that a transmitter is present at each location throughout the hospital room. The risk of exceeding immunity is estimated with no restriction on the movement of mobile transmitters, and the reduction in risk is estimated when an MSD policy is enforced. Staff may not fully comply with the MSD, so the increase in risk with specified levels of non-compliance is found. It is shown that with some non-compliance the risk of exceeding immunity becomes constant with increasing MSD, and so specifying a larger MSD does not necessarily increase safety.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".