Spinal Hamartoma with Severe Kyphoscoliosis – A Rare Case of Spinal Mass in a Fetus
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Spinal hamartomas are rare lesions consisting of disorganized ecto- and mesodermal tissues of the spinal region. While postnatal identification of spinal hamartomas has been reported, a literature search did not reveal any published reports of prenatal identification of spinal hamartomas. Here we report a 46,XX fetus who presented at 20 weeks' gestation with a lower thoracic and lumbar kyphoscoliosis, suspected spina bifida, and amniotic fluid alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels within the normal range. Interestingly, autopsy at 22 weeks revealed a lumbosacral spinal hamartoma with kyphoscoliosis. We discuss the differential diagnosis for such spinal masses which includes congenital tumors and spinal dysraphism. This case illustrates that spinal hamartomas should be considered as part of the prenatal differential diagnosis of spinal dysraphisms, especially in the presence of normal AFP levels.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".