Fabrication of hollow microneedle arrays using electrodeposition of metal onto solvent cast conductive polymer structures
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Transdermal drug delivery can potentially replace hypodermic needles for injection of many compounds. The batch production of metallic microneedle arrays has been restricted by the time-consuming steps associated with previous fabrication processes. Here, we are presenting a process that allows rapid production of microneedle arrays with any number of needles as well as any desired needle dimensions. Our process uses solvent casting to form a conductive polymer layer on a mold, which is then used as a seed layer in an electroplating process. Needles with a length of 500 μm made in this process showed failure strength to compressive loads of 4.2 ± 0.61 N. A suspension of 2.28 μm large beads was injected up to 200 μm deep into pig skin.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".