The adoption of corporate social responsibility practices in the airline industry
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract This paper identifies initiatives related to corporate social responsibility (CSR) in the airline industry and evaluates the overall state of their adoption as reported by members of the three largest airline alliances. Of 41 airlines, only 14 had annual CSR reports publically available in January 2009. Reports were analyzed using a qualitative content analysis approach. Results showed a stronger focus on environmental issues than on the social or economic dimensions of CSR. Of the seven major environmental themes examined, emission reduction programs predominate. Other environmental issues receive much less attention, with no single other initiative implemented by all airlines. Four social and environmental themes were found, including employee wellbeing and engagement, diversity and social equity, community wellbeing and economic prosperity. The data analysis supported the arguments made in the literature that the airlines report CSR initiatives using differing or inconsistent measurements, making evaluation and comparison of their performance and effectiveness difficult. Although a large number of airlines publishing CSR reports discussed their achievement of major goals (reduction of emissions, increasing community involvement or increasing workforce diversity), a much smaller number provided detailed information relating to specific initiatives implemented in order to contribute to these goals. Further, important issues for CSR research are posed in the paper. 企业社会职责理论在航空业的实践应用 该文章指出航空业中企业社会职责理论 (CSR) 运用的一些重要理论, 并根据三个最大的航空联盟中的成员报告来评估CSR现在的实际运用情况。在41个航空公司中, 只有14个在2009年1月公布发表了CSR的年报。这些报告时用定性方式来分析的。结论指出在CSR体系中, 环境问题比社会经济问题更要受关注。在七大主要关注的环境问题中, 减少排废是最重要的。其他的环境问题要少很多的关注, 而且除了减少排废的问题外, 无一其他问题被推上实际日程上。另外在CSR中还发现了四项社会和环境主题, 包括员工社会福利和归属感, 社会多样化和社会平等, 居民福利和经济增长。数据最后显示的结论完全支持文献阅读中的理论解释, 就是说航空公司在报告CSR的计划时都使用了不同的或是不持续的衡量办法, 这使得对比工作非常困难。尽管大部分的航空公司都在CSR报告中指出他们达到了主要目标(包括排废减少, 增加社区参与, 和提高工作力的竞争性), 但很少一部分航空公司会提供关于如何实施措施来达到目标的详细资料。另外关于CSR的研究的重要问题也在文章中指出。 Keywords: airlinesair travelcorporate social responsibilitysustainabilityreportingKeywords: 航空业航空旅游企业社会职责可持续性报告 Acknowledgements The authors would like to thank the anonymous reviewers and the editor for their suggestions and assistance in the production of this paper. Notes 1. The Global Reporting Initiative's vision is that disclosure of economic, environmental and social performance become as commonplace and comparable as financial reporting and as important to organizational success (see www.globalreporting.org).
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.007 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it