Development and testing of the Hereditary Diseases and Genetic Testing (HD-GT) scale
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Despite the expanding research base on the genetic testing process, limited insight exists on how personal understandings of hereditary cancer as well as situational and contextual factors influence an individual’s decision-making prior to and following predictive testing for hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC). The failure of existing scales to detect psychosocial and behavioral difficulties in this population has led researchers to question the adequate sensitivity of these instruments. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate measures for evaluating the preparedness for and experiences during and following predictive testing for HNPCC. A grounded theory study of individuals from families with a confirmed HNPCC presence provided the data for item generation and scale construction. The Hereditary Diseases and Genetic Testing ( HD-GT ) scale consists of 8 scales designed to measure acceptance of hereditary-based diseases and engagement in the genetic testing process. Scale readability and content validity were assessed prior to data collection. The HD-GT scale was administered to a sample of individuals (N = 242; 141 carriers and 101 non-carriers) from families with a MSH2, MLH1 or MSH6 mutation. The Multitrait Analysis Program-Revised (MAP-R) evaluated data quality, and scoring and scaling assumptions. Preliminary findings support the logic of the psychometric structure of the HD-GT. The rating scale steps (0 to 4) seem to have meaningful divisions as evidenced by the response spread. The MAP-R analysis supported item-to-scale appropriateness, scale reliability (≥ .75) and pattern of scale correlations (internal consistency scores significantly higher than intrascale correlations). Study findings suggest that the family history of cancer does have a significant impact on decision-making regarding genetic testing. There are also indications that individuals place high value on having all potentially at-risk family members participate in genetic testing, but are often challenged trying to convince them to accept the need for testing. The HD-GT scale represents an initial effort to evaluate personal, situational and contextual factors influencing genetic testing decision-making. Study findings suggest that the subscales appear to be sensitive enough to measure the wide-range of psychosocial and behavioral implications of genetic testing. Further, findings have important implications for health care providers. If providers are to work effectively with HNPCC families they must have the appropriate knowledge, education and skills to recognize the features of HNPCC, take thorough client and family histories, provide support and coordinate care for these individuals.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".