Historical Roots of the Urban Crisis: African Americans in the Industrial City, 1900-1950
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In 1996, Thomas Sugrue's pathbreaking The Origins of the Urban Crisis: Race and Inequality in Postwar Detroit wrested the story of innercity devastation from present-minded social scientists and journalists to reveal the complex historical roots of the crisis. Now Henry Louis Taylor Jr. and Walter Hill's edited collection, Historical Roots of the Urban Crisis, has pushed the story back even further, to the origins of African American communities in America's industrializing cities. While the editors do not explicitly acknowledge Sugrue's approach, their volume is clearly inspired by his. Bringing together essays by junior and senior scholars that address the political, economic, and social roots of the urban crisis—from the broad reach of dominant national ideologies, economic structures, and federal labor policy to the impact of community formation and the internal politics of individual black communities on the shape of black activism, work, and residential patterns—it seeks the same depth and breadth as Sugrue's work.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.021 | 0.008 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".