Mapping a corporate governance exchange: a survey of Canadian shareholder resolutions 2000–2009
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The landscape of shareholder resolutions within an economy provides insight into the various perspectives as to what constitutes appropriate corporate forms and functions. This landscape arises from a community of practice and amounts to a public corporate governance exchange. Analysis of all shareholder resolutions filed with Canadian corporations from 2000 to 2009 reveals that Canada's distinctly multi-jurisdictional model of corporate governance and preponderance of block holdings serve to significantly limit the corporate governance exchange. Compounding such limitations is the tendency of large Canadian institutional shareholders to refrain from engaging in the public corporate governance exchange, thereby shrouding the behaviour of some of the most potentially influential flows of finance. Interestingly, Canadian shareholders engage in issues across 25 distinct themes relating to corporate environmental, social and/or governance performance while favouring the latter. Perhaps most consequentially, however, the public Canadian corporate governance exchange is distinctly multi-jurisdictional, thereby indicating potential regional divergence.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.006 | 0.023 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.009 | 0.018 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.006 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".