SU‐D‐217BCD‐06: Evaluation of Effective Dose during Neuro 3‐D Imaging Using a C‐Arm Cone‐Beam CT System
Bibliographic record
Abstract
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was three-fold: 1) to estimate the organ doses and effective dose (ED) for patients undergoing neuro 3D-imaging protocols, 2) to study the effect of beam collimation on ED, and 3) to derive protocol-specific DAP-to-ED conversion factors. METHODS: A cone-beam CT system (Philips Allura Xper FD20/20) was used to measure the organ doses for seven neuro imaging protocols. Two data sets were obtained: seven protocols with uncollimated beam (FOV: entire head) and four with beam collimation (FOV: roughly from the base to the top of the skull). Measurements were performed on an adult male anthropomorphic phantom (CIRS, Norfolk, VA) with 20 MOSFET detectors (Best Medical Canada, Ottawa, Canada) placed in selected organs. The dose area product (DAP) values were recorded from console. The ED values were computed by multiplying measured organ doses to corresponding ICRP 103 tissue weighting factors. RESULTS: . For four protocols with beam collimation, the ED was reduced approximately by a factor of 2, and the DAP-to-ED conversion factors by approximately 30%. CONCLUSIONS: We have measured ED for standard adult neuro imaging protocols in a 3-D rotational angiography system. Our results provide a simple means of ED estimation using DAP values from console in the C-arm cone-beam CT system. Research was funded in part by Philips Healthcare, the Netherlands.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".