Color tunable metal-cavity organic light-emitting diodes with fullerene layer
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Three primary colors, red, green, and blue have been obtained from a single-emission layer organic light-emitting diode (OLED) through optical design using a half-wavelength all-metal-cavity device. Fullerene is used as an electron transport layer to further enhance the electrical performance of the cavity device and the optical tuning of the cavity OLED. This fullerene layer results in a ∼2V driving voltage reduction and a ∼20% increase in power efficiency, as compared with traditional cavity OLED with Alq as the electron transport layer. The emissive spectra for the cavity OLEDs are well predicted by the Fabry–Perot cavity theory. The spectral narrowing and intensity enhancement at the resonance wavelength have been observed and are explained by the redistribution of optical-mode density inside the microcavity. Schemes to tune the emissive color by varying the cavity length through variations of indium tin oxide thickness, hole transport layer thickness, and electron transport thickness, individually or collectively, have been proposed and demonstrated.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".