Poster — Thur Eve — 19: Polyvinyl Alcohol Cryogels: A Promising Material for Tissue‐Mimicking Optical Phantoms
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Tissue‐mimicking phantoms with specific radiological, elastic, or optical properties are desirable for calibration and quality assurance purposes. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is a non‐toxic, water‐soluble polymer with many existing uses in medicine, ranging from artificial tissues for use in humans to anatomical phantoms for magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound. It has not been well characterized optically. The process by which the polymer is crosslinked, repeated freeze‐thaw cycles, imparts optical properties that lie in the range of tissue and can be selectively tuned using different production conditions. A double integrating sphere system has been constructed to measure diffuse reflectance and transmittance from an illuminated sample. Monte Carlo modeling of the measurement geometry allows for optical property estimation using the Marquardt‐Levenberg algorithm. The scattering by PVA cryogels increases with additional freeze‐thaw cycles. PVA scattering is also affected by the ambient conditions at the time of production. Most tissue scattering properties can be mimicked using 6 freeze‐thaw cycles at most.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.028 | 0.008 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".