Flexural strengthening of precast reinforced concrete bridge girders using bonded carbon fibre reinforced polymer strips or external post-tensioning
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Strengthening of reinforced concrete bridge girders has become a major concern. Many reinforced concrete highway bridges were constructed in Canada using precast reinforced concrete girders, and currently many of them need rehabilitation. Thus, two techniques for flexural strengthening of precast reinforced concrete bridge girders (HC-type) were investigated experimentally. The first technique involved bonding carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) strips to the soffits of the girders. The second technique was classical external post-tensioning with steel bars. A simple, yet innovative method was developed for applying the external prestressing to these girders. The experimental investigation was performed on full-scale girders from a dismantled bridge in Alberta (Canada). Outcomes of the experimental investigation led to the conclusion that classical methods of flexural strengthening (e.g., external prestressing) should not be completely disregarded. Also, an additional mode of failure needs to be added to currently available prediction models for estimating the gain in flexural strength of reinforced concrete girders retrofitted using bonded CFRP strips.Key words: bridges, CFRP, flexure strengthening, precast girders, post tension, prestressing, rehabilitation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".