A NEW MILKY WAY HALO STAR CLUSTER IN THE SOUTHERN GALACTIC SKY
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We report on the discovery of a new Milky Way (MW) companion stellar system located at . The discovery was made using the eighth data release of SDSS after applying an automated method to search for overdensities in the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey footprint. Follow-up observations were performed using Canada–France–Hawaii-Telescope/MegaCam, which reveal that this system is comprised of an old stellar population, located at a distance of kpc, with a half-light radius of pc and a concentration parameter of c = log 10 ( r t / r c ) = 1.55. A systematic isochrone fit to its color–magnitude diagram resulted in and . These quantities are typical of globular clusters in the MW halo. The newly found object is of low stellar mass, whose observed excess relative to the background is caused by 95 ± 6 stars. The direct integration of its background decontaminated luminosity function leads to an absolute magnitude of M V = −1.21 ± 0.66. The resulting surface brightness is μ V = 25.90 mag arcsec −2 . Its position in the M V versus r h diagram lies close to AM4 and Koposov 1, which are identified as star clusters. The object is most likely a very faint star cluster—one of the faintest and lowest mass systems yet identified.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".