Temporal Development of the Wake of a Non-Impulsively Started Circular Cylinder
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Flow around a circular cylinder “impulsively” set into motion was investigated experimentally using the particle image velocimetry (PIV) technique. The experiments were conducted in water in an X-Y towing tank at a Reynolds number of Re = 500. Since a true impulsive start can only be approximated in physical experiments, the objective was to determine the experimental conditions for which the cylinder could be considered impulsively started. The dimensionless acceleration parameter was varied from a* = 0.5 to 10, and the temporal development of the near-wake recirculation zone was examined from the initial start until the wake became asymmetric. With increasing acceleration parameter, at a given elapsed time from the start of motion, there was an increase in the length of the recirculation zone, the maximum vorticity within the recirculation zone, the streamwise location of the primary attached eddies from the base of the cylinder, and the strength (circulation) of the primary eddies. The results showed that the spatial development of the recirculation zone was strongly dependent on the distance traveled by the cylinder following the start of motion, rather than the method of acceleration, and the flow around the circular cylinder could be considered impulsively started for a* ≥ 0.5.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".