Phylogenetic relationships of extant echinoderm classes
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A well-supported phylogeny of echinoderm classes has eluded morphological, embryological, molecular, and combined analyses. From this body of work it is apparent that (i) echinoids (sea urchins) and holothuroids (sea cucumbers) are related, and (ii) crinoids (sea lilies) are the sister taxon to extant eleutherozoan classes (asteroids, ophiuroids, echinoids, and holothuroids). However, the relationships of asteroids and ophiuroids to other echinoderm classes have been difficult to recover. To address relationships between the asteroids and ophiuroids and other echinoderms, I have sequenced additional nuclear loci and taxa and used novel computational approaches for co-optimizing morphological with molecular evidence at the level of sequence alignment. Support for the monophyly of each class is strong. Support for a monophyletic Asteroidea + Xyloplax is as strong as for Asteroidea. Support for Asterozoa (Asteroidea + Ophiuroidea) is apparent, albeit not as strong as for other clades (e.g., Echinozoa, Eleutherozoa, and Echinodermata). I also present detailed sensitivity analyses to provide (i) a test of the monophyly of groups under a variety of evolutionary models and (ii) a statement of the evidential value of various character systems.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it