Siloxanes in biogases from landfills and wastewater digesters
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Volatile methylsiloxanes and linear polydimethylsiloxanes (siloxanes), generated as components of biogases from digesters at wastewater treatment plants and solid waste landfills, have been identified as potentially causing significant operational problems. The problems are demonstrated as being an issue of “sand in the transmission” and are the reason for the changing of engine warrantees. Examples of monitored concentrations of siloxanes at a series of facilities are described, demonstrating degrees of variability both spatially and temporally, for different biogas sources. Wastewater digesters are shown to be generally producing biogases with higher siloxane concentrations than landfills. With a trend toward some landfills being operated as bioreactors, where the temperatures in the refuse are elevated to levels comparable to those within wastewater treatment digesters, there is potential that landfill-derived biogases may result in increased concentrations of siloxanes and hence more operating problems.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it