Photoinduced Birefringence and Surface Relief Gratings in Novel Polyurethanes with Azobenzene Groups in the Main Chain
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Three novel polyurethanes with V-shaped bisazo groups ( PU1 and PU2 ) or rodlike monoazo groups ( PU3 ) in the main chain were synthesized. On irradiation with a linearly polarized laser beam, birefringence was induced in the three films to the level of 0.035, 0.037, and 0.044 for PU1, PU2, and PU3, respectively. The stable birefringence obtained at T g − T = 33 °C was 71%, 46%, and 19% of that achieved at room temperature for PU1, PU2, and PU3, respectively. The relative stability of the photoinduced birefringence of PU3 decreased linearly with the increase of temperature, while that of PU1 and PU2 was constant even close to T g . Surface relief gratings with high diffraction efficiency were inscribed on these main-chain polymers. The photoinduced gratings are only partially erasable by heating above the T g of the polymers.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".