Infrared Spectroscopy and Optical Constants of Porous Amorphous Solid Water
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Reflection-absorption infrared spectra (RAIRS) of amorphous solid water (ASW) films grown at 20 K on a Pt(111) substrate at various angles (theta(Beam) = 0-85 degrees ) using a molecular beam are reported. They display complex features arising from the interplay between refraction, absorption within the sample, and interference effects between the multiple reflections at the film-substrate and film-vacuum interfaces. Using a simple classical optics model based on Fresnel equations, we obtain optical constants [i.e., n(omega) and k(omega)] for porous ASW in the 1000-4000 cm(-1) (10-2.5 microm) range. The behavior of the optical properties of ASW in the intramolecular OH stretching region with increasing theta(Beam) is shown to be strongly correlated with its decreasing density and increasing surface area. A direct comparison between the RAIRS and calculated vibrational spectra shows a large difference ( approximately 200 cm(-1)) in the position of the coupled H-bonded intramolecular OH stretching vibrations spectral feature. Moreover, this band shifts in opposite directions with increasing theta(Beam) in RAIRS and vibrational spectra demonstrating RAIRS spectra cannot be interpreted straightforwardly as vibrational spectra due to severe optical distortions from refraction and interference effects.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".