Simulation of heat transfer during rotational molding
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract In rotational molding, polymer powders are subjected to heating, melting, cooling, and subsequent solidification in biaxially rotating molds. Heat transfer phenomena during rotational molding are significantly affected by the presence of endothermic and exothermic transitions. In this paper instead of using the traditional moving interface method, a new approach is presented which is applicable to semicrystalline materials like linear low‐density polyethylene. Melting is described by a statistical model and crystallization by a kinetic model. The model parameters are determined from differential scanning calorimetry measurements. The one‐dimensional unsteady heat conduction equation is solved by a finite difference method. The numerical predictions are in good agreement with experimental data. The overall heat transfer model can be used for process optimization purposes. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Adv Polym Techn 22: 271–279, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/adv.10055
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".