The vibrational properties of xenon hydrate: An inelastic incoherent neutron scattering study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We report results from a high-resolution, incoherent inelastic neutron scattering (IINS) study of xenon hydrate. This study extends previous work in which the existence of a strong coupling between localized guest vibrations and the lattice modes was shown1 for the first time [Tse et al., Europhys. Lett., 54, 354 (2001)]. This guest–host coupling might be responsible for the glass-like temperature dependence of the thermal conductivity of the crystalline gas hydrates. Our experiment focused on the low-frequency phonon density of states of the ice-like water lattice of xenon hydrate. We found two broad maxima in the density of states (DOS) at energy transfers of 7.3 and 10.3 meV. The first peak is assigned to the transverse acoustic (TA) phonons near the zone boundary and the second to the fold-back of the TA modes towards the zone center. The guest–host coupling could be confirmed by finding three distinct low energy peaks in the DOS at energy transfers of 2.05, 2.87, and 3.94 meV. In addition, another broad inelastic scattering component extending from 0 to 1.5 meV has been found, which may also be important for the low-temperature behavior of the thermal conductivity. The line positions of the coupled modes shift to higher frequencies with increasing temperature, pointing towards the importance of the repulsive part of the host–guest interaction which is responsible for the stability of gas hydrate structures.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".