Anionic Exchange Membranes as a Soil Test for Nitrogen Availability
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract A better understanding of nitrogen (N) availability to crops remains an essential key for a productive and safe production system. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of anionic exchange membranes (AEMs) as part of a soil‐testing procedure to predict in situ soil NO3‐N availability for forage and corn produced in eastern Canada. The AEMs were buried in the surface horizon (0–15 cm) at four experimental sites for forage and at one site for corn. Treatments consisted of five NH4NO3 rates (0, 60, 120, 180, and 240 kg N ha−1) in forage and of six anhydrous ammonia (0, 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 kg N ha−1) in corn production. In all sites, NO3 − adsorbed on AEMs (NO3AEMs) increased significantly with N fertilizer rates, indicating the ability of the AEMs to detect differences between N fertilizer treatments and to predict the soil N availability to crops. The NO3AEMs fluxes were significantly related to soil NO3‐N concentration as extracted by water or KCl (0.66≤R2≤0.95). Si...
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".