Reliability and Validity Studies of the Turkish Version of the Children’s Attitudes toward the Environment Scale-Preschool Version (CATES-PV) and the Analysis of Children’s Pro-environmental Behaviors According to Different Variables
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In Turkey, the number of environmental education studies on young children is not sufficient. This is primarily due to the fact that scales for measuring the pro-environmental behaviors of young children are quite limited in number and are not common. This research has two aims which to carry out the reliability-validity studies of preschool environment scale, and to analyze the pro-environmental behaviors of 5-6 years old children with regard to different variables (age, gender, socio-economic level). The research included 171 children of 5-6 years of age receiving preschool education in the province of Denizli, Turkey. The Children's Attitudes Toward the Environment Scale-Preschool Version (CATES-PV) is a 15-item scale that one can use to assess the degree to which children's attitudes are pro-environmental. Study results have indicated that the CATES-PV Turkish Version is a reliable and valid measurement tool. The scale may be used to determine the pro-environmental behaviors of 5-6 years old Turkish children. This study provides a significant contribution to the field for further studies to be conducted in Turkey on the pro-environmental behaviors of young children. It is observed that the pro-environmental behaviors of the children included in the research differ according to age and socio-economic level. No difference was found between pro-environmental behaviors of children in terms of the gender variable.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.006 | 0.012 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".