The effect of water ingress on dielectric properties of polyethylene cable insulation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper reports on dielectric loss diagnostic features (absolute values, voltage dependence, etc.) measurements and results of residual breakdown voltages obtained on miniature (RG-58) cables as a function of water absorption and electrical aging by water trees (WT) under a 5 kV/mm voltage stress (AC). The dielectric losses were measured at voltages up to 5 kV (i) in polarization and depolarization using Time Domain Spectroscopy (TDS) and (ii) with a classical very low frequency (VLF) system using a 0.1 Hz sine wave. The corresponding residual AC breakdown voltages were analyzed using the standard procedure. After ~3000 h of water and voltage exposure, aged cable samples showed a relatively low level of degradation, mainly bow tie water trees, with longest being ~19% of insulation thickness. TDS and VLF dielectric loss results show that for such an aging condition, the dielectric response is mainly dominated by the presence of water in the insulation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".