Observation of Distinct Bulk and Surface Chemical Environments in a Topological Insulator under Magnetic Doping
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The influence of magnetic dopants on the electronic and chemical environments in topological insulators (TIs) is a key factor when considering possible spintronic applications based on topological surface state properties. Here we provide spectroscopic evidence for the presence of distinct chemical and electronic behavior for surface and bulk magnetic doping of Bi 2 Te 3 . The inclusion of Mn in the bulk of Bi 2 Te 3 induces a genuine dilute ferromagnetic state, with reduction of the bulk band gap as the Mn content is increased. Deposition of Fe on the Bi 2 Te 3 surface, on the other hand, favors the formation of iron telluride already at coverages as low as 0.07 monolayer, as a consequence of the reactivity of the Te-rich surface. Our results identify the factors that need to be controlled in the realization of magnetic nanosystems and interfaces based on TIs.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".