Exploring the organisational culture construct for small and medium enterprises in the ecotourism of emerging economies
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Considerable research is being conducted to examine the culture of the resort operators to ensure that they are adhering to good practices for protecting the environment.Undoubtedly, it is essential for the effective and effi cient operation of the tourism industry that the ecotourism businesses engage in the wise usage and properly run management of the natural environment.However, little attention has been given to the development and the validation of the instruments used to conceptualise organisational cultures in the context of ecotourism.The present study fi lls this gap by validating the scale items and examining the dimensionality, reliability and factor structures used to measure organisational cultures of small and medium enterprise resort operators in the ecotourism areas of emerging economies.Three factors have emerged for organisational values and four factors for organisational practices as a result of this study.The results show the unique features of the organisational culture model based on the specifi cations of ecotourism and the culture of Malaysian small and medium enterprises.The direction for future improvement strategies is presented at the end of the paper.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.007 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".