A Compact 94 GHz Image Substrate Integrated Non-Radiative Dielectric (iSINRD) Waveguide Cruciform Coupler
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This letter presents a study of image substrate integrated dielectric (iSINRD) guide arms at 94 GHz, from which a cruciform 3 dB coupler is conceived by superimposing their respective reflection coefficients. Four configurations are analyzed by investigating the boundary value problem in light of the electric and magnetic symmetries of the iSINRD guide. Mode conversion, and thus double bends, is totally avoided thanks to the PEC image plane. Thus, in addition to being planar, the coupler is very compact which makes it easily integrable in millimeter-wave circuits. The lateral dimensions of each arm are 0.413 × 0.635 mm2. Perforation is done using square air-vias, each having a side length of 0.35 mm. The total size of the circuit is 4.413 × 4.413 mm2. Measured results agree well with simulated ones. A coupling level of 3.5 dB and isolation better than 17 dB are obtained for a bandwidth of 15%.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".