Three‐dimensional fiber orientation in vibration welded joints of glass fiber reinforced polyamide‐6
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract A technique was developed to obtain the three‐dimensional distribution of fiber orientation in vibration‐welded joints of polyamide‐6 (PA‐6) reinforced with 30 wt% glass fibers. The heat‐affected zone (HAZ) of fiber‐reinforced PA‐6 was successfully revealed by polishing and etching the vibration welded joints. Examination with the polarized light microscope in the reflection mode showed detailed microstructure domains, including the bulk crystalline zone and the HAZ. Experimental elliptical fiber cross‐section images were used to obtain second order orientation tensors, thus providing a quantitative description of the three‐dimensional fiber orientation distribution. The fibers in the HAZ were reoriented towards the squeeze flow direction, when compared with the bulk phase. Low welding pressure does not necessarily produce a more favorable fiber orientation in the tensile direction than high welding pressure. High welding pressure and low amplitude promote fiber reorientation in both the squeeze flow and tensile (weld thickness) directions. Overall, it was found that, at 30% fiber content, vibration‐welded joints of injection molded fiber‐reinforced PA‐6 are weaker than vibration‐welded joints in unreinforced injection molded samples. The fibers in the former do not undergo sufficient reorientation to influence weld strength in the tensile direction. POLYM. COMPOS., 2008. © 2008 Society of Plastics Engineers
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it